How the NFL Draft Works Explained for Beginners
Every spring, the NFL Draft becomes the center of attention for football fans as teams select the next generation of football stars. But how does the NFL Draft actually work, and why is it so important? Whether you’re a new fan or just looking to brush up on the basics, this guide breaks down everything you need to know about the NFL Draft process in a way that’s easy to follow.
What Is the NFL Draft?
The NFL Draft is an annual event where the 32 teams of the National Football League take turns picking eligible college football players to join their rosters. This selection process allows teams to add young talent and is a crucial way for franchises to improve and build for the future. The draft is also designed to help keep the league balanced by giving struggling teams a better shot at the top prospects.[1]
How Is the Draft Order Decided?
The draft order is based on the teams’ performance in the previous season. The team with the worst record gets the first pick, while the Super Bowl champion picks last in each round. Teams that didn’t make the playoffs are slotted from 1 to 20, and playoff teams fill slots 21 to 32 based on how far they advanced. If multiple teams end up with the same record, tiebreakers like “strength of schedule” (how tough their opponents were) help decide who picks first.[2] This system is intended to promote parity, allowing struggling teams to pick first and, in theory, get stronger more quickly.[3]
How Many Rounds and Picks Are There?
The NFL Draft currently has seven rounds. In each round, there are 32 picks—one for each team. However, the exact number of picks a team has in each round can change. Teams often trade picks with each other, so a team might have multiple selections in a single round, or none at all.[1]
How Do Teams Make Their Picks?
Each team sets up a draft “war room” where coaches, scouts, and executives discuss strategy. When it’s their turn, the team communicates its pick to a representative at the draft location. The NFL then officially announces the selection, and the process continues to the next team.[2]
Time limits for each pick vary by round:
- First round: 10 minutes per pick
- Second round: 7 minutes per pick
- Rounds 3-6: 5 minutes per pick
- Seventh round: 4 minutes per pick
Who Is Eligible for the NFL Draft?
Generally, players must be at least three years out of high school and have exhausted their college eligibility. Underclassmen can apply for special permission to enter the draft early. While most draftees are from college football, technically any player who meets the eligibility requirements can enter, even if they’re not from a college program.[4]
The Importance of Draft Trades
Draft picks are valuable assets. Teams often trade picks before or during the draft to move up for a specific player or gain more selections in later rounds. Picks can even be traded for current NFL players. This trading adds a strategic layer to the draft, as teams balance their immediate needs with long-term goals.[2]
Traditions and Unique Moments
The NFL Draft has plenty of traditions and memorable moments. The last player picked each year is affectionately called “Mr. Irrelevant.” Teams and fans eagerly watch as dreams come true for young athletes, and surprises happen when teams make unexpected selections or blockbuster trades.[4]
Why Does the Draft Matter?
The draft is a key event for teams to build their future. It’s a chance for struggling franchises to turn things around and for successful teams to add depth. The parity created by the draft keeps the NFL competitive and exciting for fans every season.[5]